Italy : public and bank holidays, closure of banks, stock exchanges, school vacations

Catholic : Dogma defined by the Catholic Church on November 1, 1950, when Pope Pius XII declared that at the end of her life, Mary's body and soul were assumed into Heaven.

Culture :

Special Events :

cards/flowers : Jewish New Year NOT a public holiday

Special Events : At 1:00 a.m. local times

Catholic : Dogma that Mary was from the first moment of conception, totally free from the stain of original sin. Paid holiday when falling on Saturday or Sunday

Secular holiday :

Catholic or protestant : Since pre-historic times in Europe, festivities (bonfires, offrerings) were marking the beginning of longer hours of daylight with fires and ritual. The Roman festival of Saturnalia lasted several days in December (gambling and offerings). Germanic tribes also celebrated mid-winter (drinking and rituals). The Bulgarian (with Koleduvane) and the Polish (with Gwiazdka) perpetuate this tradition. Jesus of Nazareth was probably born in springtime (Reformists favour autumn). But in the 4th century, December 25th was chosen for the celebration of his birth by Pope Julius I (Bishop Liberus is also mentioned in 354 A.D.). Thus, a Christian element was introduced in the long-established mid-winter festivals. Before 1582, the Papal States and other Italian city states celebrated New Year’s Day on Christmas Day.

Catholic or protestant : Remembrance of St Stephen, the first Christian martyr.

Culture : Szilveszter

School holidays : Www.comuni-italiani.it calendars gazetted by the respective Departments of Education
Each region carries its own specific set of holidays, please scroll on the concerned region

School day duration: 5:00 to 6:00 hours Schools may open on Saturday
School uniform (grembiule) required in some schools
all study programs are aligned with the requirements of the Bologna Process
PISA ranking (average 493): 481
Schooling is mandatory till age 16
number of instructional hours per year in lower secondary education: 600 hours
Schools may open on Saturday
Sapienza University of Rome ranking: Times Higher Education #251-300/QS ranking #251/Shanghai #151-200

Dates confirmed till 2023

Please note that authorities may take last-minute decisions
please double-check if this information is vital to you
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Secular holiday : The world's most widely celebrated holiday, New Years was set on January 1 by Julius Caesar because that was the date the Roman consuls took over their duties. Paid holiday when falling on Saturday or Sunday

Catholic or protestant : The term comes from ancient Greek and means appearance . Celebrated on the 6th January, this feast corresponds to the presentation of Child Jesus to the Magi. This is the day of Jesus' first miracle, the Wedding in Cana , and the day of his own baptism Paid holiday when falling on Saturday or Sunday

Culture : Italy’s distinctive flag, made of equal vertical banners of green, white, and red was just formally adopted in 1946, although variations of the theme had been used for centuries. The symbolism is pure: the green represents hope; the white, faith; and the red, charity.

cards/flowers : Introduced by Pope Gelasus in 498, perhaps in response to a local Roman tradition of lovers writing their names on an urn in February